Table 5 Cognitive-restructuring and gratitude intervention for emerging adults (18–25 years)
References | Type of study | Sample size | Intervention | Outcomes | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wolfe and Patterson [48] | RCT | General female undergraduate students n = 35 Gratitude intervention n = 28 Cognitive Restructuring intervention n = 45 Control | Gratitude: emailed a workbook with instructions to create a gratitude list every day for 14 days Cognitive Restructuring: emailed a workbook with instruction to complete automatic thought records every day for 14 days Control: emailed brief educational workbook on body image | CES-D, PANAS, BINGE, EAT-26, BSQ, BES, BAS | Pre- to post-intervention: gratitude intervention outperformed other conditions at increasing body esteem, decreasing body dissatisfaction, reducing dysfunctional eating, and reducing depressive symptoms. Cognitive restructuring intervention had a significant increase in depressive symptoms and a significant decrease in positive mood (from pre- to post-intervention). A significantly greater proportion of cognitive restructuring participants dropped out compared to gratitude participants |