Table 1 Summary of studies reporting bone health outcomes in people with ARFID

HC

AN

ARFID

Schorr et al. [27]

Cross-sectional

This study investigated the prevalence of low BMD, and its determinants, in men with AN, atypical AN, and ARFID

Sex: 100% Male

Age: 18–63

Race: 100% White

Location: Massachusetts General Hospital (Boston, MA) and Denver Health Medical Center (Denver, CO)

HC: N = 48

AN: N = 26

ARFID: N = 11

Prevalence of PA spine BMD Z-score less than − 1 and − 2

 < − 1: 23%

 < − 2: 6%

 < − 1: 77%^a

 < − 2: 62%^a

 < − 1: 64%

 < − 2: 18%

Prevalence of total hip BMD Z-score less than − 1 and − 2

 < − 1: 8%

 < − 2: 2%

 < − 1: 50%^a

 < − 2: 15%

 < − 1: 64%^a

 < − 2: 9%

Prevalence of femoral neck BMD Z-score less than − 1 and − 2

 < − 1: 10%

 < − 2: 2%

 < − 1: 58%^a

 < − 2: 23%^a

 < − 1: 45%^a

 < − 2: 0%

Alberts et al. [23]

Cross-sectional retrospective case-note review

This study compared BMD between patients with ARFID vs. AN

Sex: 19% Male

Age: 6–19

Race: 87% White

Location: Great Ormond Street Hospital (London, Eng.)

AN: N = 118

ARFID: N = 16

AN

ARFID

Spine (L2-L4) BMD (mean, SD)

0.92^b, 0.17

0.70, 0.13

Spine (L2-L4) BMD Z-score (mean, SD)

− 1.43, 1.18

-1.88, 0.91

Spine (L2-L4) BMAD Z-score (mean, SD)

− 1.03, 1.53

-1.44, 0.88