What about males? Exploring sex differences in the relationship between emotion difficulties and eating disorders

Vuillier, L.; Joseph, J.; Greville-Harris, M.; May, L.; Somerville, M. P.; Harrison, A.; Moseley, R. L.

doi:10.1186/s40337-022-00715-6

Journal of Eating Disorders

Table 1 Sample description

From: What about males? Exploring sex differences in the relationship between emotion difficulties and eating disorders

	Diagnosed ED (n = 329)		Non diagnosed (n = 1275)
	Males (n = 109)	Females (n = 220)	Males (n = 522)	Females (n = 753)
Age	29.9 (9.5), 18–55	29.4 (9.5), 16–59	29.5 (11.4), 16–77	25.0 (9.6), 16–69
Illness duration	5.4 (5.8), 0–31	8.3 (8.1), 0–40	-	-
EDEQ
Total	3.7 (1.1), 1.3–6 α = .91	4.2 (1.2), 0.3–6 α = .93	1.7 (1.4), 0–6 α = .93	2.5 (1.6), 0–5.9 α = .95
Restraint	3.2 (1.6), 0–6 α = .83	3.6 (1.7), 0–6 α = .84	1.4 (1.5), 0–6 α = .83	2.0 (1.8), 0–6 α = .87
Eating concerns	3.2 (1.4), 0.4–6 α = .76	3.4 (1.4), 0–6 α = .76	1.0 (1.2), 0–6 α = .83	1.5 (1.6), 0–6 α = .86
Shape concerns	4.2 (1.2), 0.8–6 α = .85	4.7 (1.3), 0.2–6 α = .89	2.2 (1.7), 0–6 α = .91	3.1 (1.8), 0–6 α = .92
Weight concerns	4.0 (1.2), 1–6 α = .76	4.5 (1.4), 0–6 α = .81	1.9 (1.6), 0–6 α = .85	2.8 (1.8), 0–6 α = .87
TAS
Total	63.9 (11.3), 29–85	60.2 (14.3), 0–88	47.3 (17.3), 0–122	52.4 (13.2), 0–86
Total	α = .82	α = .86	α = .85	α = .87
DIF	23.5 (6.2), 7–35	22.8 (6.9), 0–35	16.1 (7.4), 0–40	18.5 (6.7), 0–35
DIF	α = .87	α = .85	α = .86	α = .86
DDF	17.7 (4.1), 6–25	17.1 (5.1), 0–25	12.9 (6.3), 0–40	14.7 (5.0), 0–25
DDF	α = .71	α = .82	α = .79	α = .81
EOT	22.7 (4.9), 11–34	20.3 (5.2), 0–35	18.2 (7.0), 0–42	19.2 (4.6), 0–32
EOT	α = .62	α = .61	α = .55	α = .60
DERS
Total	59.7 (12.2), 28–82	57.6 (14.7), 0–88	44.1 (13.5), 0–85	46.9 (14.3), 0–88
Total	α = .88	α = .91	α = .91	α = .92
Strategies	10.8 (2.9), 4–15	10.0 (3.3), 0–15	7.4 (3.1), 0–15	7.7 (3.0), 0–15
Strategies	α = .80	α = .85	α = .81	α = .86
Non-acceptance	10.5 (3.0), 3–15	10.2 (3.6), 0–15	7.3 (3.4), 0–15	8.2 (3.7), 0–15
Non-acceptance	α = .76	α = .87	α = .84	α = .88
Impulse	9.8 (3.5), 3–15	8.8 (3.8), 0–15	5.9 (3.1), 0–15	6.6 (3.4), 0–15
Impulse	α = .87	α = .90	α = .90	α = .91
Goals	11.5 (2.6), 4–15	11.3 (3.1), 0–15	9.5 (3.5), 0–15	10.4 (3.5), 0–15
Goals	α = .82	α = .88	α = .89	α = .91
Awareness	8.1 (2.9), 3–14	8.5 (3.3), 0–15	7.5 (2.8), 0–15	7.2 (2.8), 0–15
Awareness	α = .75	α = .84	α = .72	α = .77
Clarity	9.0 (2.9), 3–15	8.8 (3.3), 0–15	6.4 (3.0), 0–15	6.8 (3.0), 0–15
Clarity	α = .79	α = .88	α = .83	α = .87
ERQ
Reappraisal	25.5 (7.0), 6–41	22.7 (7.5), 0–42	27.4 (7.1), 0–42	27.5 (7.2), 0–42
Reappraisal	α = .87	α = .87	α = .87	α = .87
Suppression	18.5 (4.7), 6–28	16.6 (6.1), 0–28	17.0 (5.1), 0–28	15.1 (5.5), 0–28
Suppression	α = .71	α = .82	α = .71	α = .75
DASS	67.5 (25.9), 0–120	65.5 (27.0), 0–124	38.4 (25.7), 0–126	42.1 (27.8), 0–126
DASS	α = .94	α = .93	α = .94	α = .94

Mean, SD (brackets) and minimum–maximum (italicised) for each group on age, illness duration, eating psychopathology (EDEQ), alexithymia (TAS-20), emotion regulation difficulties (DERS), emotion regulation strategies (ERQ), and general distress (DASS-21). The second indented line refers to the internal consistency of each questionnaire within this sample as expressed in Cronbach’s alpha (α)

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