Table 2 Standardized factor loadings for one-factor solution of the Yale Food Addiction Scale Version 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) identified using confirmatory factor analysis and Descriptive statistics for all YFAS 2.0 items

When I started to eat certain foods, I ate much more than planned

.400

.933

I continued to eat certain foods even though I was no longer hungry

.413

.933

I ate to the point I felt physically ill

.492

.932

I worried a lot about cutting down on certain types of food, but I ate them anyways

.560

.931

I spent a lot of time feeling sluggish or tired from overeating

.536

.931

I spent a lot of time eating certain foods throughout the day

.485

.932

When certain foods were unavailable, I went out of my way to get them. For example, I went to the store to get certain foods even though I had other things to eat at home

.468

.932

I ate certain foods so often in such large amounts that I stopped doing other important things. These things may have been working or spending time with family or friends

.554

.931

I had problems with my family or friends because I was overrated

.436

.934

I avoided work, school, or social activities because I was afraid I would overeat there

.600

.931

I felt irritable, nervous, or sad when I cut down on or stopped eating certain foods

.623

.930

If I had physical symptoms because I hadn’t eaten certain foods, I would eat those foods to feel better

.544

.931

If I had emotional problems because I hadn’t eaten certain foods, I would eat those foods to feel better

.600

.931

I had physical symptoms when I cut down on or stopped eating certain foods. For example, I had headaches or fatigue

.579

.931

In the last 12 months, when I cut down or stopped eating certain foods, I had intense cravings for them

.331

.933

My eating behavior caused me a lot of distress

.357

.933

I had significant problems in my life because of food and eating. These may have been problems with my daily routine, work, school, friends, family, or health

.361

.933

I felt so bad about overeating that I didn’t do other essential things. These things may have been working or spending time with family or friends

.341

.933

My overeating got in the way of me taking care of my family or doing household chores

.337

.933

I avoided social situations because people would disapprove of how much I ate

.303

.933

I avoided social situations because people would disapprove of how much I ate

.644

.931

I kept eating the same way even though my eating caused emotional problems

.611

.930

I kept eating the same way even though my eating caused physical problems

.536

.931

Eating the same amount of food did not give me as much enjoyment as it used to

.588

.931

I wanted to cut down on or stop eating certain foods, but I couldn’t

.630

.930

I needed to eat more and more to get the feeling I wanted from eating. This included reducing negative emotions like sadness or increasing pleasure

.710

.929

I didn’t do well at work or school because I overate

.632

.931

I kept eating certain foods even though I knew it was physically dangerous. For example, I kept eating sweets even though I had diabetes. Or I kept eating fatty foods despite having heart disease

.539

.931

I had such strong urges to eat certain foods that I couldn’t think of anything else

.651

.930

I had such intense cravings for certain foods that I felt I had to eat them immediately

.592

.931

I tried to cut down on or not eat certain kinds of food, but I wasn’t successful

.651

.930

I tried and failed to cut down on or stop eating certain foods

.648

.930

I was so distracted by eating that I could have been hurt (e.g., driving a car, crossing the street, operating machinery)

.546

.931

I was so distracted by thinking about food that I could have been hurt (e.g., driving a car, crossing the street, operating machinery)

.540

.932

My friends and family were worried about how much I overate

.634

.930