References | Type of study | Sample size | Intervention | Outcomes | Results |
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Cousineau et al. [82] | RCT | Middle school students (11–12 years old) n = 92 intervention n = 98 placebo control | Trouble on the Tightrope: In Search of Skateboard Sam (www.skateboard-sam.com): fully animated computer program on puberty, nutrition, physical activity, self-esteem, and peer relations. Each 15 min module offers targeted information based on a short 14-item profile quiz taken by each participant assessing relevant characteristics (e.g., gender) | Puberty knowledge questionnaire, SPP, BES | Participants in intervention group increased their scores on the puberty knowledge questionnaire slightly from baseline to post-test and maintained this increase at 3-month follow-up vs. controls (not significant). Participants in the intervention group for whom puberty was underway showed improvement on the Weight subscale of BES from baseline to post-test, relative to control group, small effect. On the Global Self-Worth subscale, girls in the intervention condition improved their scores from baseline to post-test vs. controls. Girls in the intervention group showed a similar improvement on the total SPP score from baseline to post-test as vs. control girls |
Withers et al. [83] | RCT | Grade 7 girls n = 104 videotape Intervention n = 114 Control | 22-min videotape: (1) determinants of body size, variation in ‘‘normal’’ female appearance, puberty; (2) historical and sociocultural influences on female appearance, media’s role in shaping this ideal; (3) the negative effects of extreme dieting, EDs and consequences, emotional eating; (4) healthy eating habits, the importance of healthy eating; and (5) creating a healthy body image and boosting self-image | Need for Cognition Scale (shortened), PII (shortened), Contour Drawing Rating Scale, EDI (body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness subscales), pre and post knowledge questionnaire; to measure dieting behaviour, participants were asked questions such as “how often have you dieted?”, “how likely are you to go on a weight loss diet in the future?” | Findings demonstrated that compared to a non-intervention control group, girls who watched the prevention videotape made small, but significant, positive changes in drive for thinness and intention to diet and had improved scores on knowledge items, not maintained at follow up |