Study | Year | Country | Type(s) of SUDs or substance use | Type(s) of AN | AN patients | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Age (Mean ± SD) | % Female | |||||
Anzengruber et al. | 2006 | USA | Smoking (nicotine) | AN-R, AN-P, AN-B, ANBN | AN-R = 306, AN-P = 186, AN-B = 107, ANBN = 180 | Initial sample (n = 897): 26.3 ± 8.3 | 100% |
Blinder et al. | 2006 | USA | Alcohol, cannabis, polysubstance, other substance, amphetamine, sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytic, cocaine, hallucinogen, opioid, inhalant abuse/ dependencies | AN-R, AN-B | AN-R = 520, AN-B = 436 | AN-R = 20.9 ± 9.1 AN-B = 23.8 ± 8.5 | 100% |
Bodell et al. | 2013 | USA | SUD | AN | 30 | Total sample: 35 \(\pm\) 9 | 100% |
Braun et al. | 1994 | USA | Alcohol/substance dependence | AN-R | 34 | 24.8 | 100% |
Bulik et al. | 1992 | USA | Licit and illicit substance use | AN | 27 | 20.3 \(\pm\) 10.5 | 100% |
Bulik et al | 2008 | USA | Psychoactive substance abuse and dependence | AN-R, AN-P, AN-B, ANBN | 432 | 30.4 \(\pm\) 11.3 | 95% (n = 410) |
Burgalassi et al. | 2009 | Italy | Caffeine | AN-R, AN-BP | 15 | 26 ± 5 | 100% |
Carlat et al. | 1997 | USA | Substance abuse | AN | 30 | At onset: 19.0 \(\pm 5.6\) At first treatment: 20.3 \(\pm 6.0\) | 0% |
Casper and Jabine | 1996 | USA | Alcohol abuse/dependence, drug abuse/dependence, tobacco dependence | AN-R, AN-P | 75 | Early Adolescent Onset: 16.2 \(\pm 3.3\) Late Adolescent Onset: 19.7 \(\pm 3.3\) Adult Onset: 25.2 \(\pm 3.7\) | 100% |
Corbridge and Bell | 1996 | UK | Alcohol and drug misuse | AN | 25 | Age of onset: 23.2 | Total sample: 97% (n = 125) |
Corcos et al. | 2001 | France, Switzerland, Belgium | Alcohol, drug, and psychotropic consumption | AN-R, AN-P | AN-R = 111, AN-P = 55 | AN-R = 19.3, AN-P = 20.6 | 100% |
Deter and Herzog | 1994 | Germany | Substance abuse | AN-R, AN-P | AN-R = 29, AN-P = 55 | Presentation: 20.7 \(\pm 6.0\) Follow-up: 32.5 \(\pm 6.1\) | 100% |
Eddy et al. | 2002 | USA | Drug and alcohol abuse | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 51, AN-BP = 85 | AN-R (no B/P history) = 20.8, AN-R (history of B/P) = 23.8, AN-BP = 22.7 | 100% |
Fairburn et al. | 1999 | UK | Drug and alcohol abuse | AN | 67 | 22.4 \(\pm\) 4.8 | 100% |
Fichter and Quadlieg | 1999 | Germany | Substance abuse (including alcohol and tranquilizers) | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 30, AN-BP = 73 | Upon admission: 24.9 \(\pm 6.7\) | 100% |
Fichter et al. | 2006 | Germany | Substance abuse (including drug dependence) | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 30, AN-BP = 73 | Upon admission: 24.9 \(\pm 6.7\) | 100% |
Fioravanti et al. | 2014 | Italy | Cocaine and amphetamine abuse | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 28, AN-BP = 35 | AN-R: 25.93 \(\pm 8.94\) AN-B/P: 25.77 \(\pm 8.80\) | 100% |
Franko et al. | 2005 | USA | Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 51, AN-BP = 85 | Not reported (Inclusion: > 12 years) | 100% |
Franko et al. | 2008 | USA | Drug Use Disorder (DUD) | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 51, AN-BP = 85 | Entire sample at entry: 24.68 \(\pm 6.7\) | 100% |
George and Waller | 2005 | UK | Smoking/nicotine | AN | 25 | 31.2 ± 2.16 | 100% |
Hall et al. | 1984 | New Zealand | Alcohol Abuse Disorder | AN | 50 | Onset: 16.2 \(\pm 2.7\) Presentation: 20.1 \(\pm 5.6\) | 100% |
Haug et al. | 2001 | USA | Tobacco, caffeine, alcohol, marijuana, other drug use (cocaine, opiates, hallucinogens) | AN-R, AN-P | AN-R = 34, AN-P = 31 | Total sample: 26.2 ± 11.5 | 100% |
Henzel | 1984 | USA | Alcoholism | AN | 15 | 24 (median) | 80% (n = 12) |
Herzog et al. | 1992 | USA | SUD | AN, ANBN | AN = 41, ANBN = 90 | AN = 19.1 ± 6.4, ANBN = 17.5 ± 4.6 | 100% |
Herzog et al. | 1999 | USA | SUD | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 51, AN-BP = 85 | AN-R = 23.9 ± 8.5, AN-BP = 24.5 ± 5.9 | 100% |
Herzog et al. | 2006 | USA | DUD; narcotics, amphetamines, cocaine, sedatives, marijuana, LSD, solvents, polydrug use | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 51, AN-BP = 85 | Not reported (Inclusion: > 12 years) | 100% |
Hudson et al. | 1983 | USA | Alcohol abuse/dependence, Amphetamine abuse or dependence, Other substance use | AN ANBN | AN = 16 ANBN = 25 | AN = 25.0 ± 7.0 (15 Females only, one male aged 24) ANBN = 25.8 ± 7.3 (24 females only, one man aged 28) | 95.1% (n = 39) |
Iwasaki et al. | 2000 | Japan | Alcohol abuse, Sedative abuse, Inhalant abuse | AN-R AN-BP | AN-R = 62 AN-BP = 36 | AN-R = 21.3 ± 5.5 AN-BP = 24.2 ± 4.7 | 100% |
Jordan et al. | 2003 | New Zealand | Alcohol abuse/dependence, cannabis abuse/dependence, psychoactive SUD | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 24, AN-BP = 16 | 23.15 ± 6.69 | 100% |
Jordan et al. | 2008 | New Zealand | Alcohol abuse/dependence, cannabis abuse/dependence, any psychoactive SUD | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 31, AN-BP = 25 | 20.5 | 100% |
Kask et al. | 2016 | Sweden | Alcohol use disorder, other SUD | AN | 8069 | 19.5 ± 6.2 | 100% |
Kask et al | 2017 | Sweden | Alcohol use disorder, other substance use disorder | AN | 609 | Mean age of first hospitalization: 18.2 ± 6.9 | 0% |
Kirkpatrick et al. | 2019 | Canada | Substance Use | AN-R, AN-BP, atypical AN | AN-R = 40, AN-BP = 19, Atypical AN = 14 | SUG (all ED): 16.3 \(\pm 1.0\) NSUG (all ED): 14.3 \(\pm 2.9\) | SUG (all ED) 97.6% NSUG (all ED) 81.7% |
Krahn et al. | 1991 | USA | Caffeine consumption | AN, ANBN | AN = 14, ANBN = 11 | Total sample: 24.7 | N/A |
Krug et al. | 2008 | Spain, UK, Italy, Austria, Slovenia | Tobacco, alcohol, and drug use | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 172, AN-BP = 156 | All EDs: 27.2 \(\pm\) 8.9 | All EDs: 96.6% (n = 849) |
Laessle et al. | 1989 | Germany | SUD | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 21, AN-BP = 20 | AN-R = 20.9 ± 4.1, AN-BP = 22.1 ± 4.2 | 100% |
Machado et al. | 2004 | Portugal | Alcohol and drug abuse | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 42, AN-BP = 23 | 16.8 \(\pm 13.4\) | 100% |
Mann et al. | 2014 | USA | Substance use (alcohol, cannabis, tobacco, and any other substance) | AN | 118 | Total sample: 15.77 ± 1.84 | Total sample: 90.7% |
Milos et al. | 2003 | Switzerland | Substance related disorders (use and dependency) | AN | 77 | 24.7 ± 5.6 | 100% |
Nagata et al. | 2000 | Japan | Alcohol and Illicit drug (heroin, amphetamines, other psychoactive substances) use | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 60, AN-BP = 62 | AN-R = 22.3 ± 4.0, AN-BP = 25.0 ± 5.1 | 100% |
Nagata et al. | 2002 | Japan | DUD | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 62, AN-BP = 48 | ED and DUD: 25.1 ± 5.7 ED without DUD: 24.2 ± 5.5 | 100% |
Nagata et al. | 2003 | Japan | Drugs other than alcohol | AN-BP, AN-R | AN-BP = 8, AN-R = 2 | Total ED + DUD group: 24.8 ± 5.4 | 100% |
Nozoe et al. | 1995 | Japan | Stimulant (alcohol, coffee, cigarettes) abuse | AN | 55 | Total sample at admission: 20.0 | 90.9% (n = 50) |
Selby et al. | 1995 | USA | Substance misuse problems | AN | 25 | Entire ED sample: 30.07 ± 13.78 | 100% |
Strober et al. | 1995 | USA | Alcohol, cocaine, amphetamines, cannabis, polysubstance use/abuse | AN-R, AN-B | AN-R = 77, AN-B = 18 | 15.1 (SD not reported) | 94% (n = 89) |
Sullivan et al. | 1998 | New Zealand | Alcohol, cannabis, other drug, and any drug dependence | AN | 70 | At admission: 20.9 \(\pm 8.0\) Interview: 32.4 \(\pm 7.8\) | 100% |
Tanaka et al. | 2001 | Japan | Alcohol abuse | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 27, AN-BP = 34 | At first referral: 22.7 ± 6.0 years | 100% |
Toner et al. | 1986 | Canada | SUD; alcohol, drug, and tobacco abuse | AN-R, AN-B | AN-R = 30, AN-B = 25 | AN-R = 28.0 \(\pm\) 5.3 AN-B = 28.2 \(\pm 4.0\) | 100% |
Ulfvebrand et al. | 2015 | Sweden | Alcohol dependence, Alcohol abuse, Substance dependence, Substance abuse, Substance use disorders | AN-R AN-BP | AN-R = 926 AN-BP = 466 | AN-R (female) = 24 AN-R (male) = 23 AN-BP (female) = 24 AN-BP (male) = 21 (SD not reported) | 96.7% (n = 6921) |
Wiederman and Pryor | 1996A | USA | Alcohol, amphetamines, barbiturates, hallucinogens, marijuana, tranquilizers, cocaine, cigarettes | AN | 134 | Total sample: 24.15 ± 7.69 | 100% |
Wiederman and Pryor | 1996B | USA | Alcohol, amphetamines, barbiturates, hallucinogens, marijuana, tranquilizers, cocaine, cigarettes | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 46, AN-BP = 13 | Total sample: 15.44 ± 1.35 | 100% |
Wiseman et al. | 1998 | USA | Cigarettes (nicotine) | AN-R, AN-BP | AN-R = 56, AN-BP = 12 (included with BN group) | Total ED group: 15.35 ± 1.4 | 100% |