Table 2 Summary of target reader and content included in website resources
Website | Target reader | Was content sex-specific | Content included |
|---|---|---|---|
Website 1 [41] | For gyms, school settings, outside athletics groups, dance studios | No | A toolkit for coaches and trainers; 57-page document on prevention, early intervention, treatment as well as education for coaches, definitions of ED, DE, signs and symptoms, roles of a coach |
Website 2 [42] | Targeted at coaches who coach, collegiate athletes | No | Information on how to support athletes with eating disorders including role of coaches, signs and symptoms, risk factors, how coaches can educate and be roles models |
Website 3 [43] | Targeted at those involved in any kind of sport that is high performance | No | A call to action for those who are involved with sport. Information about ED and DE and how that affects mental and physical health of high-performance athletes. Includes signs and Symptoms, FAQ, creating a healthy sport system, identification and prevention toolkit |
Website 4 [44] | Targeted at sports and fitness- sports, clubs | No | Prevention and early identification and response for EDs in sport, how to promote health and wellbeing within sport, how to recognise and respond to EDs, how to work with an athlete with an ED, where to learn more |
Website 5 [45] | Targeted at Australian coaches, coaching at any sport level with males or females | No | Information on what are eating disorders, risk factors for eating disorders, related risks, medical and performance complications, treatment approaches, risk reduction strategies |
Website 6 [46] | Advice for athletes, parents and coaches- for athletes in aesthetic sports: gymnastics, diving, cheerleading, dance | Includes some female specific information | A 2-page summary of information around ED and DE highlighting the concerns of aesthetic sports. ED risk factors, related pressure, environmental pressures, pressures related to biological / psychological characteristics |
Website 7 [47] | Target those who coach student athletes | No | Explores why student athletes are at risk, prevalence, genetics, sociocultural factors, sport related factors, treatment, recommendations to develop a guideline regarding how affected student-athletes are identified, managed and referred for evaluation and treatment by sport personnel |
Website 8 [48] | Targeted at athletics directors, coaches and trainers | No | A one-page summary focusing on eating disorders and DE in athletes including ED signs and symptoms specific to an athletic setting, medical consequences of DE and ED in athletes |
Website 9 [49] | directed at fitness or sporting professionals | No | A two page downloaded document on what are ED and DE, prevalence and health/ performance consequences, how to identify eating disorders in athletes, what can coaches say and do |
Website 10 [50] | Directed at those who teach or coach female athlete’s / dancers | Predominantly female content | Written webpage regarding the complications of ED and DE in athletes. Evolution of female athlete triad to RED-S, LEA, input from coaches/ teachers, what to look for. Includes a downloadable tool for the risk stratification of RED-S |
Website 11 [51] | Targeted at those who are concerned in an athlete has bulimia | No | One-page webpage, warning signs, how to help an athlete with bulimia |
Website 12 [52] | For coaches, trainers | No | Webpage highlighting why athletes need specialized eating disorder treatment, unique vulnerabilities, unique treatment |
Website 13 [53] | Coach and trainers | No | One-page webpage on warning signs of ED inclduing food behaviours, appearance and body image, exercise, thoughts & beliefs, self-harm, social behaviours |
Website 14 [54] | Targeted towards more well-educated coaches and trainers | No | Webpage that discusses eating disorders in athletes and the role of coaches in detail. Overview of the issue, how to intervene, warning signs that coaches can look out for including under fuelling/over training, Emphasis on weight, body shape or size, substantial weight loss, disrupted sex hormone cycles and Injuries and other health issues |
Website 15 [55] | Targeted at coaches | Some content female specific. | A 23-page presentation for coaches that discusses ED in athletes. types of eating disorders, risk factors of athletes vs non-athletes, signs and symptoms, exercise beyond training, health Concerns, Female Athlete Triad, performance concerns, coach's role |
Website 16 [56] | Targeted at those who coach student athlete’s—a high school sport organisation with team sports, track and field, gymnastics and more | No | Webpage that discusses disordered eating in student athletes. Risk factors, complications, treatment, disordered eating scenarios and signs and symptoms. In the scenarios it has 5 questions that describe different the scenario followed by an answer that describes how to approach the situation. There are also resources including sample training day menus and NCAA resources for disordered eating. Incudes reading list & SCOFF |
Website 17 [57] | Framework practitioners that work with high performance athletes | No | A 65-page PDF framework including prevalence of ED, characteristic features of eating patterns and clinical syndromes, screening or ED, strategies for practitioners working with high performance athletes, optimum performance weight, making weight, evidence-based treatments, the NHS and accessing therapists, professional competencies and the support team, returning to training and competition during recovery and rehab |
Website 18 [58] | Coaches and trainers | No | A 2-page PDF for coaches on what is disordered eating and what is an eating disorder, general signs & symptoms in the sports setting, tips on how to help, referring your athletes for assessment, support and treatment. Provides details of local eating disorder treatment services and discusses that males can be affected too |
Website 19 [59] | High school coaches, written by a high school athletics association | No | Webpage aimed at coaches that discusses the prevalence of disordered eating in athletes, signs & symptoms of disordered eating, what sports are at risk for having athletes with DE, prevention, predisposing psychological and social factors, physiological effects, forms of ED (anorexia nervosa etc.) and Female Athlete Triad |
Website 20 [60] | Coaches of all levels and sports | No | A 2-page PDF for coaches on what are eating disorders, nutrition and excessive exercise, how to identify eating disorders in sport, what can coaches do, communication |
Website 21 [61] | Coaches of recreational athlete’s | No | A webpage that discusses causes of ED in athletes with referencing to NEDC. physical warning signs, psychological warning signs, and behavioural warning signs |
Website 22 [62] | Coaches who coach elite athletes | No | Written more like an article including many research papers. Prevalence of eating disorders in athletes, the Female Athlete Triad, Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S), disordered eating in males and practical Applications |
Website 23 [63] | Sports and fitness professionals | No | How eating disorders can affect sports and fitness professionals, recognise the warning signs, physical warning signs, Behavioural warning signs, psychological warning signs, understanding who is most at risk, screening for eating disorders communication |
Website 24 [64] | Educators and coaches of student athlete | No | A Webpage that discusses ED in students and athletes including signs and symptoms specific to school settings, school strategies for assisting students with ED, impact of ED on cognitive abilities and functioning in school, physiologic impacts of bulimia nervosa on athletic performance, free curricular for grades K-12 on ED and healthy body image, info for coaches & trainers, BMI and growth charts for children 2–20 years, confidentiality issues and treatment, common myths about ED, How to start a discussion with someone you think might have bulimia |