Table 1 Articles included addressing eating disorders and eating disorder screening or diagnostic tools for Indigenous Australians

 Study citation details

Mulders-Jones 2017 [27]

Hay 2012 [28]

Azzopardi 2018 [2]

Burt 2020 [29]

Burt 2020 [30]

McCabe 2005 [31]

 Country

Australia

Australia

Australia

Australia

Australia

Australia

 Context

Rural, urban and metropolitan

Rural, urban and metropolitan

Rural, urban and metropolitan

Rural, urban and metropolitan

Rural, urban and metropolitan

Urban (Melbourne)

 1.Participants

2.Survey response rate

1.Male 2960

- Female 3081

- Total 6041,

- Indigenous 118

2. Data from 2 surveys, 62.8% & 59.3%

1.Total 5926

-Female 3017

-Male 2909

Indigenous 155

-Female 91

-Male 64

2.Not given

360 papers sampling 10-24yo Indigenous adolescents.

1. Total 5068

-Male 3003

-Female 2065

Indigenous 402

-Female 143

-Male 259

-Did not disclose 80

2.Not given

1.Total 6041

Indigenous 92

-Female 53

-Male 42

2. Data from 2 surveys, 53.7% & 58.4%.

1.Total 100 Indigenous 50

-Female 25

-Male 25

12-16yo

2.Not given

 Ethical considerations in regards to Indigenous Australian research.

Nil

Nil

Nil

Nil

Nil

Consultation from Aboriginal cooperatives and elders in the community where data gathered.

 Quality or type of assessment:

1. self-report or interview

2. Diagnostic or symptoms.

3.Representative or convenience sample

1. Interview.

2. Symptoms.

3.Representative sample.

1.Interview. 2.Symptoms.

3.Representative sample.

N/A

1.Interview. 2.Diagnostic.

3.Representative sample.

1.Interview. 2.Diagnostic.

3.Representative sample.

1.Self report.

2. Symptomatic.

3. Convenience sample.

 What was assessed?

Socioeconomic status and DE features.

Prevalence of DE features.

Population health data.

Prevalence of ED in Indigenous adolescents, and moderating effects of independent variables.

Prevalence of ED in Indigenous adults, and moderating effects of Independent variables.

BD using 5 subscales of body image and body image inventory.

 What was reported in regards to epidemiology of DE/ED

There was an equal likelihood to report DE/ED features,

regardless of identification as Indigenous. Those who did not report their Indigenous status reported higher levels of overvaluation of weight and shape.

Higher prevalence of DE/ED features amongst Indigenous.

Reported ED less common in Indigenous adolescents v. other Australians, more common in urban v. rural Indigenous adolescents (they did not identify a non-urban case). Population health data. Also reported more mood disorders, psychosis and psychological distress in Indigenous.

Indigenous Australians had higher prevalence of ED, mostly due to higher OSFED-NES in Indigenous Australians. OSFED-NES 7.14% (95%CI 4.81–10.49) of IA vs. 3.72% (95%CI 3.17–4.36) in other Australians. The greater NES was due to poorer Psychosocial QoL in Indigenous.

Indigenous Australians had a higher prevalence of ED, 27%. Most prevalent was UFED with binge eating. On logistic regression analysis independent variables: higher BMI, younger age and poorer MHRQoL were retained in model were the dependent variable was having an ED. ED were associated with high levels of overvaluation.

Indigenous Australians more BD than other Australians and undertook more strategies to decrease weight and increase weight and increase muscles. Indigenous girls had lower levels of BD than other Australian girls. Indigenous adolescents received less media messages although they had more impact.