Table 1 Case reports which have identified clubbing in patients consuming laxatives
From: Nail clubbing in laxative abuse: case report and review of the literature
Manuscript | Patient details | Associated | Laxative | FU |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Silk et al. (1975) [2] | 26yo F | History of persisting vomiting Normal UECs | 100–200 Senna tablets/day | Resolved with cessation of aperients |
Prior and White (1978) [4] | 24yo F | Hyperventilation leading to tetany Hypokalaemia | ~ 50 Senna tablets/day | Continued laxative use and clubbing |
Malmquist et al. (1980) [8] | 30yo F 48 kg | Aspartylglucosaminuria Radius bones curved Fluctuating fluid retention | Pursennid (Senna) | Continued laxative use and clubbing |
Levine et al. (1981) [6] | 65yo F 24 kg | Hypokalaemia Hypoalbuminaemia | Senna | Resolution with cessation of senna |
Armstrong et al. (1981) [9] | 21yo F | HOA | > 3 Senna tablets/day | Resolution within 6 months of ceasing senna |
Fitzgerald & Redmond (1983) [7] | 44yo F | Hypokalaemia Paranoid schizophrenia | 4–40 Senna tablets/day | Changed to Bisacodyl; clubbing “regressing” |
Pines et al. (1983) [10] | 28yo F 43 kg | Hypokalaemia | 20–30 Senna tablets/day | Continued clubbing and laxative use |
35yo F 46 kg | IDDM Smoker | Paraffin oil Senna | Continued clubbing and laxative use | |
Currie et al. (2007) [3] | 62yo F | Mild chronic renal failure Hypokalaemia | Senna Lactulose | Continued clubbing and laxative use |
Lim, Hooke and Kerr (2008) [5] | 36yo F BMI 17.7 | Smoker Hypercalcaemia Hypokalaemia Fluid retention HOA* | 50–100 Senna tablets/day | Persistent despite reported reduction in Senna |