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Table 1 Study characteristics for studies assessing the relationship between anxiety and weight

From: Does anxiety improve during weight restoration in anorexia nervosa? A systematic review

Citation

Country

Data

Time of evaluations/comparison groups

Refeeding protocol

Other treatment components

Sample M age (SD)

N c

ED subtype (% of N )

Treatment duration M ( SD )

Medication use d (% of N )

Anxiety measure (s)

BMI M ( SD )

Anxiety change

Relationship BMI and anxiety

Gauthier et al. [54]

France

Longitudinal

T1: Within 2 weeks of Ax

x

x

Inpatient 17.0 (3.25)

42 (2 males)

AN-R (45)

4.9 (4.37) months

Ax - 26.2e

HARS

14.1 (1.41)

NR*

β = − 0.121

AN – B/P (55)

Dx - 42.8e

17.5 (1.56)*

T2: Within 2 weeks of Dx

Controls

42

  

19.4 (2.24)

Mattar et al. [56]

France

Longitudinal

TInitial: Within 1 week of Ax

Self-serviced and/or individually tailored supervised meal. NG if necessitated by illness severityb

x

Inpatient 6.38 (1.93)

24

AN-R (100)

3.2 (2.06) months

29.17e

HARS

13.84 (1.26)

NR*

r = 0.134f

TFinal: Within 1 week of Dx

STAI

17.79 (1.21)*

FU: 4 – 12 years after Dxa

- State

 

NR*

r = 0.248f

- Trait

 

NR*

r = 0.112f

Morgan et al. [59]

UK

Longitudinal

1: Ax

Prescribed dietb

x

Inpatient 26.1 (3.52)

11

AN-R (54.5)

x

Unmedicated

HARS

16.1 (0.43)

t = −3.69*

Mean slope = 0.10

2: Every 4 wks continuing for 8 weeks after MMPW (5 timepoints)

AN-BP (45.5)

20.4 (0.48)*

Sala et al. [60]

France

Longitudinal

T1: One week observation

Individually tailored supervised dietb

Behavioural intervention

Inpatient 27.68 (6.54)

75

AN-R (55)

≈3 months

Unmedicated

STAI

14.90 (3.22)

F = 6.46f*

NR (ns)

15.9 (2.95)

T2: 3-week regain phase

17.64 (2.63)

18.80 (2.22)*

T3: One week normalization

AN – B/P (30)

15.59 (1.97)

17.12 (1.98)

T4: One month stabilisation

BN (15)

19.19 (1.33)

19.52 (1.11)*

Ricca et al. [52]

Italy

Longitudinal and cross sectional

T1: Ax

Unclear. Normal eating prescribed and weight range goal negotiatedb

40-hour manual-based individual CBT

Outpatient 27.48 (±10.3)

53

NR

≈40 weeks

51.2%e

STAI

15.58 (1.69)

NR (ns)

NR (ns)

T2: Dx

- State

17.28 (2.29)*

T3: 3 year FU

- Trait

17.23 (3.67)

 

Outpatient 29.86 (±8.93)

50

s-AN-WU (70%)

45.5%e

 

19.16 (1.86)

  

20.52 (3.70)*

 

s-AN-WA (30%)

 

19.54 (4.59)*

  1. Note. Ax: Admission; Dx: Discharge; FU: Follow-up; MMPW; Mean Matched Population Weight. NG: Nasogastric Tube Feeding. CBT: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy. AN-R: Anorexia Nervosa – Restrictive Subtype; AN-B/P: Anorexia Nervosa – Binge/Purging Subtype; BN: Bulimia Nervosa; s-AN: Subclinical AN; s-AN-WA: Subclinical Anorexia Nervosa without amenorrhea; s-AN-WU: Subclinical Anorexia Nervosa without weight criterion. HARS: Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale [63]; STAI: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [61]. BMI: Body Mass Index. X: Information not reported; NR: Statistic not reported; ns: Non-significant N/A: Not applicable.
  2. *Significant at p < 0.05.
  3. aFollow-up measurement timepoint not included in current review. bDaily caloric intake not specified . cAll participants female unless otherwise indicated. dNil significant differences between patients on medication/not on medication unless otherwise indicated. eAntidepressant medication only. fCorrelations are reported for BMIFiinal (i.e., BMI at discharge) Improvement and Anxiety Score Improvements at Discharge.
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Journal of Eating Disorders

ISSN: 2050-2974