|
Study(ref.):
|
1[[18]]
|
2[[19]]
|
3[[14]]
|
4[[22]]
|
5[[17]]
|
6[[15]]
|
7[[23]]
|
8[[16]]
|
Mean
|
Max.**
|
|---|
|
Reporting
|
8
|
7
|
4
|
6
|
5
|
8
|
3
|
9
|
6.25
|
11
|
|
External validity
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
1.00
|
3
|
|
Internal validity - bias
|
2
|
3
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
1.63
|
7
|
|
Internal validity – selection bias
|
3
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
2.13
|
6
|
|
Total score
|
14
|
14
|
6
|
11
|
8
|
15
|
4
|
16
|
11.0
|
27
|
- *Sub-scale scores on the checklist for measuring study quality by Downs & Black.27
- Note: Higher scores indicate better methodological quality.
- Reporting: degree to which information provided in the study is sufficient to allow an unbiased assessment of the findings (scale 0–11).
- External validity: degree to which the findings from the study could be generalised to the population from which the study subjects were derived (scale 0–3).
- Internal validity-bias: degree to which the study addressed biases in the measurement of the intervention and the outcome (scale 0–7).
- Internal validity - selection bias: degree to which the study addressed bias in the selection of study subjects (scale 0–6).
- **The highest possible mean score on the subscale.
